中学生考典

过去将来完成时 (Past Future Perfect)

一、语法概述

1.用法: 表示从过去视角看将来某一时间前完成的动作。

2.结构: 主语 + would have + 过去分词  

3.标志词: by the end of…, by then，etc.  

二句型结构

1.肯定句（Affirmative Sentence）：主语 + would have + 过去分词（done）+ 其他（常与by + 将来时间连用）

They believed we would have arrived in Beijing by 9 p.m.

（他们认为我们到晚上9点就会抵达北京。）

2.否定句（Negative Sentence）：主语 + would not/wouldn’t have + 过去分词（done）+ 其他

The teacher thought the students wouldn’t have mastered the grammar by then.（老师以为学生到那时还没掌握语法。）

3.一般疑问句（General Question）：Would + 主语 + have + 过去分词（done） + 其他？

肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + would.

否定回答：No, 主语 + wouldn’t.

—Would they have completed the project by next month?

（到下个月他们会完成项目吗？）

—Yes, they would. / No, they wouldn’t.

（是的，会完成。/ 不，不会完成。）

4.特殊疑问句（Special Question）：疑问词 + would + 主语 + have + 过去分词（done） + 其他？

—What would they have achieved by the end of the year?

（到年底他们会取得什么成就？）

—They would have achieved their sales goals.

（他们会完成销售目标。）

过去将来完成时的练习题

一、单项选择题

1. He said that by the end of the following month, he ______ enough money for a new car.

A. will save                  B. would save

C. will have saved            D. would have saved

2. They told us that they ______ the project by the end of last year. But they didn't make it.

A. would have completed         B. will have completed

C. had completed                D. completed

3. She hoped that her son ______ all his homework before 9 o'clock that evening.

A. will finish                  B. would finish

C. will have finished           D. would have finished

4. I thought they ______ the report by the time I arrived.

A. will have prepared           B. would have prepared

C. Prepared                     D. had prepared

5. The old man promised that he ______ the money back to me by the end of the month.

A. will pay                B. would pay   

C. will have paid           D. would have paid

二、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. They said they ______ (repair) the bridge by the end of the next month.

2. She told me she ______ (learn) 3000 English words by the time she entered university.

3. He thought he ______ (finish) the task before his boss came back.

4. The teacher said we ______ (review) all the lessons by the end of the term.

5. I wasn't sure if they ______ (reach) the destination by 10 o'clock the next morning.

三、句型转换

1. He said he would have finished the painting by then.（改为否定句）

He said he ______ ______ finished the painting by then.

2. They told us they would have built the house by the end of last year.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）

—______ they ______ they ______ have built the house by the end of last year?

—Yes, ______ ______.

3. She thought she would have passed the exam by that time.（对划线部分提问）

______ ______ she think she ______ have ______ by that time?

4. He promised he would have sent the letter by Friday.（改为否定句）

He promised he ______ ______ sent the letter by Friday.

5. They said they would have saved enough money by the end of next year.（对划线部分提问）

______ ______ they say they ______ have saved by the end of next year?

四、汉译英

1. 他说截止到下个月，他就已经完成这个项目了。

2. 她认为到去年年底，她就能攒够钱买一台新电脑。

3. 他们告诉我到第二天中午，他们就已经到达那个小镇了。

4. 老师保证到学期末，我们就已经学完所有课程了。

5. 我不确定到明天晚上，他是否已经读完那本书了。