一般将来时 (Simple Future)
一、语法概述
1.用法: 表示将来的动作或预测。
2.结构: 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
3.标志词: tomorrow, next week/year, soon, in the future,etc.
二、句型结构
1.肯定句
结构1:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 时间状语
(表未来发生的动作,无人称变化,可用于所有人称)
单数主语:
He will visit Paris next month.(他下个月将去巴黎。)
复数主语:
We will meet you at the airport later.(我们稍后会在机场见你。)
结构2:主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 时间状语
(表计划/打算,be动词随主语变化:am/is/are)
单数主语:
He is going to buy a new car this year.(他今年打算买辆新车。)
复数主语:
They are going to travel to Japan this summer.
(他们今年夏天打算去日本旅行。)
2.否定句
结构1:主语 + won’t(will not)+ 动词原形 + 时间状语
They will not start the meeting until everyone arrives.
(等人到齐了他们才会开始会议。)
结构2:主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 时间状语
(am not/is not/are not going to,可缩写为:’m not/isn’t/aren’t going to)
She isn’t going to study abroad next year.
(她明年不打算出国学习。)
3.一般疑问句
结构1:Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 时间状语?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + will. 否定回答:No, 主语 + won’t.
— Will you attend the conference next week?
(你下周会参加会议吗?)
— Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.(是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。)
结构2:Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 时间状语?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are.
否定回答:No, 主语 + am not/isn’t/aren’t.
— Is she going to visit her grandparents this weekend?
(她这周末打算去看祖父母吗?)
— Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
(是的,打算去。/ 不,不打算去。)
4.特殊疑问句
结构1:疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 时间状语?
(适用于will结构)
What(问动作):
— What will you do this summer?(你今年夏天会做什么?)
— I will take a cooking course.(我会参加一个烹饪课程。)
When(问时间):
— When will they arrive at the station?(他们什么时候到车站?)
— They will arrive at 3 p.m.(他们下午3点到。)
Who(问主语,直接跟will):
— Who will help us with the project?(谁会帮我们做这个项目?)
— Tom will help us.(汤姆会帮我们。)
结构2:疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 时间状语?
(适用于be going to结构)
Where(问地点):
— Where are you going to stay during the holiday?
(假期你打算住哪里?)
— I’m going to stay at a hotel by the beach.
(我打算住在海边的酒店。)
How(问方式/程度):
— How is she going to solve the problem?
(她打算怎么解决这个问题?)
— She is going to ask her teacher for help.
(她打算向老师求助。)
Why(问原因):
— Why are they going to cancel the trip?
(他们为什么打算取消旅行?)
— They are going to cancel it because of the bad weather.(因为天气不好,所以打算取消。)
注意:1.Will 结构:强调未来的意愿、预测或客观事实(无人称变化,所有人称用will)。
2.Be going to 结构:强调计划、打算或根据迹象推断的未来(be动词随主语变化:am/is/are)。
一般将来时的练习题
一、单项选择题
1. There ______ a football match on TV tomorrow evening.
A. will have B. is going to have
C. will be D. are going to be
2. —______ you ______ free tomorrow?
—No. I ______ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
3. He ______ to see his parents next week.
A. will goes B. will go C. is going D. B and C
4. They ______ an English evening next Sunday.
A. are having B. are going to have
C. will having D. is going to have
5. —______ we ______ the work tomorrow?
—OK.
A. Shall; do B. Will; to do C. Are; do D. Are; to do
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. My sister ______ (be) a teacher in two years.
2. They ______ (not play) football this afternoon.
3. ______ you ______ (visit) your grandparents next weekend?
4. The students ______ (have) a sports meeting next month.
5. He ______ (write) a letter to his friend tonight.
三、句型转换
1. We will have a party next Sunday.(改为否定句)
We ______ ______ a party next Sunday.
2. She is going to visit her uncle tomorrow.(改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ ______ visit her uncle tomorrow?
3. They will finish the work in two days.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they finish the work?
4. He is going to buy a new bike.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ ______ buy a new bike.
5. The children will go to the zoo this weekend.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
—______ the children ______ to the zoo this weekend?
—Yes, ______ ______.
四、汉译英
1. 我明天将去看望我的祖父母。
2. 他下个星期不会来参加会议。
3. 他们打算下个月去上海旅行吗?
4. 我们今晚要去看电影。
5. 明天将会有一场精彩的音乐会。
一、语法概述
1.用法
2.结构
3.标志词
二、句型结构
1.肯定句
2.否定句
3.一般疑问句
4.特殊疑问句
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